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Abstract
The integration of smart and green innovation has become essential in advancing sustainable geo-tourism development, particularly within UNESCO Global Geopark areas. This study aims to explore how digital technologies and environmentally responsible practices can synergistically enhance the sustainability of the Toba Caldera UNESCO Global Geopark in Indonesia. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach supported by field observations, stakeholder interviews, and secondary data analysis, this research identifies current smart initiatives such as digital visitor management systems, virtual geotourism platforms, and eco-friendly infrastructure and examines their impact on environmental preservation, community empowerment, and visitor experience. The findings reveal that while technological adaptation has improved information accessibility and operational efficiency, the success of sustainable geo-tourism heavily depends on community participation and consistent environmental education. Several challenges were also identified, including limited digital literacy among local communities and insufficient coordination between public and private sectors. Integrated Smart-Green GeoTourism Framework that combines technological innovation, environmental stewardship, and social inclusivity to achieve long-term destination sustainability. The study concludes that the Toba Caldera Geopark has strong potential to serve as a national model for sustainable geo-tourism when smart and green innovations are harmoniously implemented. Policy support, community involvement, and capacity building are recommended to strengthen this integration and ensure the continuous preservation of Indonesia’s geoheritage within a globally competitive tourism landscape.